Understanding Animation Paul Wells Pdf !!install!! Here

A critical chapter problematizes how gender and race are depicted. Wells argues that cartoon femininity is often reduced to a set of signifiers (like high heels or skirts) and that early animation was heavily influenced by racial stereotypes.

Wells offers notes toward a formal theory, defining animation as a medium that can subvert "reality" and challenge orthodox perceptions of space and time. Understanding Animation Paul Wells Pdf

Considered the "constituent core" of the form, this is the ability of an image to literally transform into a different image, creating fluid narrative continuity. A critical chapter problematizes how gender and race