For engineers working in high-seismic zones, the PCA Notes on Chapter 18 are essential. They cover the new requirements for:

): The new equations now include the longitudinal reinforcement ratio, which significantly impacts the calculated shear capacity.

ACI 318-19 expanded the use of high-strength reinforcement (up to Grade 100). The PCA Notes are invaluable here, as they outline the limitations:

) is calculated for non-prestressed members. The PCA Notes provide deep dives into: Size Effect Factor ( λslambda sub s

Specific constraints on where Grade 80 or Grade 100 can be used in Special Moment Frames.

Stricter requirements for confinement in columns. Crossties: Changes in how hooks must be oriented.

One of the most critical aspects of the PCA Notes is the clarification of load factors and combinations. While ACI 318-19 aligns closely with ASCE 7-16, the PCA Notes provide worked examples that help engineers navigate: Strength Reduction Factors (